When you breed two dogs, each puppy gets one gene copy from the mother and one from the father for every trait (like color, pattern, hair type, or health).

Your results show you the probabilities for each individual puppy. This means that every puppy in the litter has these same odds for each gene — but nature is random, so you could get different combinations in each puppy!

📊 What Do the Percentages Mean?

Each gene pair can come in three possible combinations:
✅ Non-Carrier (two dominant genes) — the puppy won’t show or carry that trait.
✅ Carrier (one dominant + one recessive gene) — the puppy won’t show it, but can pass it on.
✅ Affected (two recessive genes) — the puppy will show that trait.

🐶 Important!

These percentages apply to every puppy.
For example:

• If the result says 25% affected, 50% carrier, 25% non-carrier…

• That means every puppy born has a 25% chance of being affected, and so on.

Nature doesn’t promise exact numbers — it’s all about probability for each pup, not a fixed guarantee for the whole litter.

🌟 Why This Matters

• Helps you predict possible colors, patterns, and health traits.

• Helps you make smart, ethical breeding plans.

• Helps you understand hidden traits that puppies may pass on to future generations.